Permutation-lock



(Model.) SvSheets-Sheet D. MCL. QUARLES, Jr.

PERMUTATION LOCK. 110.447,51). Patented 1V1a1.3,1891.

(Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2. D. MOL. QUARLES, Jr. PBRMUTATION LOOK.

Patented Ma11.3,1891.

(Model.) s sheets-sheets.

D. MOL. QUARLES, Jr. PERMUTATION LOCK.

No. 447,519. Patented Mar. 3,1891.

o I i' il!" Uil UNITED Starts FATENT FFICE.,

DUNCAN MCLOCHLAND QUARLES, JR., OF HOWELL, KENTUCKY.

PERMUTATlON-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 447,519, dated March 3, 1891.

Application filed October 16,1890. Serial No.868,28l. (Model.)

To all wtont it ntcty concern:

Beit known that I, DUNCAN McLooHLAND QUARLES, Jr., a citizen of the United States, residing at Howell, in the county of Christian and State of Kentucky, have invented anew and useful Permutation-Lock, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to permutation-locks and the object of the same is to effect improvem ents upon locks of this character heretofore existing.

To this end the invention consists of the details of construction hereinafter more fully described and claimed as new, and as illustrated in the drawings, in which- Figure l is a rear elevation of the interior of my improved lock, showing the parts as locked. Fig. 2 is a similar view when the parts are unlocked. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 are perspective details respectively of the connecting-lever, the two slides, the notched lever, and the pin-lifting plate. Fig. 7 is a perspective detail of the slab-box, the two stop-bolts therein, one of them raised, and the right and left main levers connected with said bolts. Fig. S is a plan view of the lock as shown in Fig. l. Fig. 9 is a plan view of ,the right spindle with the outer two tumblers removed. Fig. l0 is an elevation of the end of the spindle shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 1l is a perspective detail of one tumbler removed, showing its face detached and illustrating its movable hub. Fig. l2 is an elevation of the inner face of the inner right-hand tumbler, showing the notched lever which is operated thereby. Fig. 13 is a diagrammatic view illustrating one of the dogs and showing in dotted lines a tumbler, its pin, and the lever-support. Fig. 14 is a similar diagram showing the tumbler as being turned in the wrong direction.

Referring to the said drawings, l is the door of a safe or vault; 2, the lock-case se cured to the inner face thereof; 3, the locking bolt or bolts; 4, a rod connecting said bolt with a crank-wheel 5, and 6 the shaft of a bolt-operatin g knob, all of which are of the usual or of any preferred construction and form no part of the present invention.

In the drawings the rear face-plate and the top plate of the lock-casing 2 are shown as removed in order to permit the mechanism of the lock to be seen; but it will be understood that in the finished lock these plates are of course in place. I have not illustrated the dials having graduations and the knobs for operating the same, as these are well understood and as they are located upon the face of the safe-door and are keyed upon shafts extending through the lock-casing in the ordinary manner, and while the dials and knobs would not be seen in the views presented in the drawings the shafts 7 and S, extending from them, are seen and represent, respectively, the right and left handr dials.

Keyed upon each dial-shaft isa gear-wheel lO, which meshes with another gear l l, mounted loosely upon right and left hand spindles l2 and 13, and by this means the turning of a dial causes the rotation of a gear l1, and also of all of the tu mblers, which, with said gear, are loosely mounted upon the spindle, while the necessity for making the spindle tubular and extending the dial-shaft through the same with the dial on one end and the gear l0 on the other is avoided. Upon each spindle is mounted a number of tumblers 14, (only three being ,shown in the present instance,) and outside the outermost tumbler a cam l5 is also mounted loosely on the spindle, but is rigidly connected to the inner face of the gear l1. This cam has a beveled face 16 and a hook 17, fora purpose to be described hereinafter, and the inner face of the cam and the adjacent faces of the tumblers are provided with interlocking pins, as is usual in locks of this character, and whose functions will be understood without more explicit description.

Referring now to Figs. 9, 10, and ll, each spindle is preferably reduced in diameter in the shape of steps from its inner to its outer end, and upon each step is mounted a tumbler let, a washer 20 being interposed between this tumbler andthe next, and preferably provided with studs 2l,taking into grooves 22 in the stepsin order to prevent the turning of the washers as the tumblers rotate, which would tend to undesirably affect the adjacent tumblers.v Each tumbler 14 consists of an annular body having a large hub 23, provided with an annular tongue 24, which engages between the two outer plates 25 of the tumbler. The rearmost plate is rigidly connected to the body of the tumbler, but the front plate is re- IOO are seated in the hubs 23, as shown.

Vhen it is desired to change the combination of this lock, the main levers 36 and 37 are pushed forward, each in the proper direction, until the pins 35 on the rear of said levers and the notches 34 in the outer faces of lever-supports 30 have become disengaged. Then main levers 36 and 37 can be raised until they will rest on top o't lever-supports 30 by means of pins 35, therebyraising hooks 38 of main levers 36 and 37 high enough to prevent their engagement with hooks 17 of cams 15 when said cams are turned. Then the dials can be turned, causing cams 15 to turn. Then it will be plainly seen that as the cams 15 turn hubs 23 will turn also by means of the interlockingr pins described above, this movement of course altering the relative arrangement and location between said pins and the notches 29 in the rims of the tumblers, said rims being held stationary by the tip of lever-support resting in the notches 29. Hence the dial must be thereafter differently manipulated to bring the several notches 29 successively beneath the tip of the lever-support. Each lever-support 30 is of approximate L shape, pivoted at 31 to the casing 2, having a slot- 32 engaging a pin p 33 to limit its movement, extending outwardly over the tumblers 14 and having a notch 34 in its outer face, as shown. This notch is adapted to receive a pin 35 on the rear face ofthe right and left main levers 36 and 37, and the free ends of said levers are also provided with hooks 38, adapted to engage hooks 17 of the cams 15, and with shoulders 39, adapted to pass over the rounded faces of said hooks 17, as hereinafter described.

40 41 are bell-crank levers mounted upon shafts 42 through the casing, and the main levers 36 and 37 are respectively pivoted to the upper ends of arms 43, rising from the bodies of these levers. To other arms 44, also extending from said bodies, are pivoted links 45, Whose lower ends are in turn pivoted to stop-bolts 46, moving vertically in a powerfully-constructed slab-box 47 across the rear end of the locking-bolt 3 when the latter is shot. Then the sai e is locked, these stopbolts prevent the retraction ot' the bolt, as will be clearly understood; but when the tumblers are turned so that the hooks 17 engage the hooks 3S and draw upon the main levers 36 and 37 it will be understood that the bellcrank levers 40 41 are turned and the stopbolts 46 raised outof the slab-box. The boltoperating knob is then turned, which rotates shaft 6 and crank-Wheel 5. The rod 4 is drawn upon andthe bolt 3 moved inwardly into the space Vjust occupied by the stop-bolts.

50 is a standard rising within the casing 2, and to the upper end of this standard is pivoted what I shall term the connecting-lever 51, having a downwardly-extending face 52, adapted to engage the notches 29 of the righthand bankof tum blers. Pivoted to this leveris a link 53, and pivoted to this link is a connecting-bar 54, connecting it with an arm 55, rising from the left bell-crank lever 41; also, pivoted to the link 53 is a Weighted pawl 56, having a groove 57 in its lower face near its heavier free end. This groove slides upon a slide 60, which moves in brackets 61, and said slide has a notch 62 near one end, into which the lower end of link 53 is adapted to drop when the face 52 of the connecting-lever 51 drops into the notches of the several tumblers and permits the link to descend asufcient distance. Near the other end of the slide 60 a bracket 63 rises' therefrom, and has` an open-topped notch 64 in its upper end. Through the slide 60 moves a pin 65, Whose lower end rests upon a plate 66, pivotally connected at one end to the casing and riding at its other end over a cam onlug 67 upon the body of the right-hand bell-crank lever 40.

In addition to the notched slide 60 a slide 70 moves in the brackets 6l, and pivoted in an ear 7l of this slide is a latch 72, carrying an outwardly-projecting pin 73, adapted to en- IOO gage said open-topped notch 64, and also carrying a stud 74.

75 is aleverpivoted at one end to the casing, working behind the rearmost of the righthand bank of tumblers, and having along its free' end a flange 76, provided with a notch 77, which notch is adapted to pass over said stud 74 when the parts are relatively in the proper position. The righthand bank of tumblers being now turned to bring the notches 29 all Ybeneath the face 52, the link 53 engages the notch 62 in the notched slide. The left-hand bank of tumblers is now manipulated until the hooks 17 and 33 engage, the bell-crank lever 41 is rotated, the arm 55 is moved, the connecting-bar 54 is drawn upon, and the link is moved. This movement moves the notched slide 60, and through its bracket 63 the notch 64 therein, and the pin 73. The latch 72 may be moved by the rotation of the left-hand dial until the stud 74 exactly registers with the notch 77 in the flange 76. One of the notches 29 in the righthand bank ot' tumblers has a beveled edge, as shown at 29', and after the above movements the right-hand dial is turned to force this beveled edge under the face 52, and thereby to lift the connecting-lever 51, disengage the link 53 from the notched slide 60, and thereby interrupt all connection between the left-hand dial and the right. The righthand bank of tumblers is now manipulated to bring the notches beneath the lever-sup- IIO port 30, which, falling thereinto, permits thel lever 8G to be moved by the engagement of the hooks 17 and 38. The right-hand dial is then turned, whereby the bell-crank lever is operated and one of the stop-bolts 4G is raised. The same movement turns the cam G7 from beneath the plate (36 and allows the pin G5 to descend in the hole through the slide U0, so that its upper end no longer engages the end of the weighted pawl 56. The lefthand bank of tumblers is now further turned to raise the other stop-bolt 6, after which the locking-bolt 3 can be retracted in the usual manner. There are therefore four movements necessary to unlockvthis lock, first, to turn the right bank, drop the face 52 and engage the link 53 with the notch 62, thereby connecting the bell-crank lever 41 with the two slides; second, turning the left bank so as to move the slides and bring' the stud 71 in register with the notch 77, third, again turning the right bank so as to bring the notches 29 under the lever-support 30, which by dropping, allows the lever 36 to be drawn upon and one of the stop-bolts to be raised, fourth, further turning the left dial to raise the other stop-bolt. It will be noticed that it' the operator should omit to adjust the stud 7 4E and notch'77 in register with each other, when the right bank or dial was turned, the pin S0 on the innermost tumbler 14, which always strikes the lever '75, would raise this lever and also raise the stud '71, which then rested upon the iiange 76, the result being that the latch 72 would be raised against the lower side of the lever-support 30 near its pivot. As a result, when during the third movement above described all the notches 29 have been brought beneath the lever-support 30 and the latter is ready to drop thereinto, it will not do so because the support is held up bythe latch 72, as above stated.

In addition to the above devices I provide two dogs Si, pivotally connected to the lockeasing 2 behind the two banks of tumblers, each dog having a pointed extremity 82 and a weighted lower end S3, whereby it will normally maintain an upright position, and being so pivoted that when in this upright position it will stand beneath the lever-support 230 and prevent the same dropping into the notches 29 in the different tumblers, even if they should be immediately below. Pins S5 are seated in the faces of the innermost tumblers at such points that when the tumblers are rotated, each in its proper direction, the pins will strike the weighted bodies of the dogs and tip them to one side just as the notches in the .innermost tumblers come nndern cath the lever-supports. If, however, the tumblers are turned in the wrong direction, it will be obvious that the notches therein will pass beneath the lever-supports before the pins S5 engage the dogs, and consequently at the moment the notches are beneath the lever-supports the pointed extremities 82 of the dogs would prevent the descent of thelever-supports and the consequent operation of the main levers 36 and 37.

What is claimed as new is- 1. In a permutation-lock, the combination, with a spindle 12, having a number of steps provided with grooves 22, of tumblers 14, mounted one upon each step and having interlocking pins on their adjacent faces, and washers 2O between the tumblers, having inwardly-projecting studs 21 engaging said grooves, substantially as described.

2. The herein-described tumbler for permutation-locks, the same comprising a body with a notch in its edge, a hub 23, turning within said body and carrying pins at each end engaging with those on adjacent hubs, and springs 28, located in recesses 27 of the body and bearing frictionally against the periphery of said hub, substantially as described.

3. In a permutation-lock, the combination, with a bank of tumblers having notches 29 and the inner tumbler having a pin 85, and the lever-support 30, adapted to drop into said notches when they register, of a dog 81, centrally pivoted to the lock-case below said lever-support, its upper end S2 being reduced and its lower end SS weighted, said pin 85 striking the weighted end of the dog and tripping its reduced end from beneath the lever support when the tumbler is moved in one direction, as and for the purpose set forth.

et. In a permutation-lock, the combination, with the lever-support 30, the pivoted latch 72 beneath said support, means for moving the latch longitudinally, and a stud 7e on the latch, of a bank of tu mblers, the innermost one having a pin 80, alever 75, pivoted to the casing and struck by said pin, and a flange 76, having a notch 77 adapted to move over said stud, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a permutation-lock, the combination, with the lever-support 30, the latch 72 be n'ath said support, said latch having a stud 74 and a pin 725, the moving slide 70,v to which said latch is pivotally connected, the moving slide adjacent thereto and having a notch 62, the bracket 63, on said slide 60, having an open-topped notch (51 engaging said pin, the connecting-lever 51, mounted on a iixed pivot at one end and having a depending face 52 at its other end, adapted to engage the notches 29 of a bank of tumblers, the link 53, pivoted to said lever and having a reduced lower end removably engaging said notch G2, and means for moving the link around its pivot, of a bank of tumblers, the innermost one having a pin SO, a lever 75, pivoted to the casing and struck by said pin, and a flange 76, having a notch 77 adapted to move over said stud 74e, as and for the purpose set forth.

G. In a permutation-lock, the combination, with thelever-support 30, the latch 72 beneath said support, said latch having a stud 7 4 and a pin 7 3, the moving slide 70, to which said IOO IIO

latch is pivoted, the moving slide 60 adjacent thereto and having a notch 62, the bracket 63 on said slide 60, having an open-topped notch 64: engaging said pin, the connecting` lever 5l, mounted on a xed pivot at one end and havinga depending face 52 at its other end, adapted to engage the notches 29 of a bank of tumblers, the link 5.3,pivoted to said lever and having a reduced lower end removably engaging said notch 62, a bell-crank lever 4l, a bank of tu mblers, a main lever 37, connected at one end to said bell-crank lever and at its other end vadapted to engage the notches 29 of this bank, an arm 55 on said bell-crank lever, and a connecting-bar 5i between vsaid arm 55 and the link 53 for moving the latter around its pivot, of another bank of tumblers, the innermostone having a pin 80, a lever 75, pivoted to the casing an-d struck by said pin, and a flange 76, having a notch 77 adapted to move over said stud 7l, as and for the purpose set forth. Y

7. In a permutation-lock, the combination, with the lever-support 30, the movable latch 72 beneath said support, said latch having a stud 7l, the moving` slide 60 adjacent the latch, connections, substantially as described, between the slide and the latch,the connecting-lever 5l, mounted on a lixed pivot at one end and having' a depending face 52 at its other end, adapted to engage the notches 29 of a bank of tnmblers, the link 53, pivoted to said lever and having a reduced lower end removably engaging a notch 62 in said slide, and means for moving thc link around its pivot, of a bank of tumblers, the innermost one having a pin S0, a lever 75, pivoted to the casing and struck by said pin, and a iiange 76, having a notch 77 adapted to move over said stud 74, as and for the purpose set forth.

S. In a permutation-lock, the combination, with the lever-support 30, the movable latch 72 beneath said support, said latch having a stud 74, the moving slide adjacent the latch, connections, substantially as described, between the slide and the latch, the connecting-lever 5l, mounted on a fixed pivot at one end and having a depending face 52 at its other end, adapted to engage the notches29 of a bank of tumblers, the link 53, pivoted to said lever and having a reduced lower end vremovably engaging a notch 62 in said slide,

a bell-crank lever 41, a bank of tumblers, a

main lever 37, connected at one end to said bell-crank lever and its other end adapted to engage the notches 29 of this bank, an arm 55 on said bell-crank lever, and a connectingbar 5l between said arm 55 and the link 53 for moving the latter around its pivot, ot' another bank ot tumblers, the innermost one having a pin 80, a lever 75, pivoted to the casing and struck by said pin, and a flange 76, having a notch 77 adapted to move over said stud 74, as and forthe purpose set forth.

9. In a permutation-lock, the combination, with the lever-support 30, the movable latch 72 beneath said support, said latch having a stud 74, the moving slide 60 adjacent the latch andhaving a notch 62, connections, substantially as described, between the slide and the latch, the connecting-lever 5l, mounted on a fixed pivot at one end and carrying a link 53, having a reduced lower end removably engaging said notch, and means for moving the link to reciprocate said slide, of a bank of tumblers, the innermost one having a pin 80, a lever 75, pivoted to the casing and` struck by said pin, and a iiange 76, having a notch 77 adapted to move over said stud 7l, as and for the purpose set forth.

l0. In a pe1mutation-lock,the combination, with the lever-support 30, the movable latch 72 beneath said support, said latch having a stud 74, the moving slide 60 adjacent the latch, connections, substantially as described, between the slide and latch, a bank of tumblcrs, and means for moving the slide from said bank, of another bank of tumbler-s, the innermost one having a pin SO, a lever 75, pivoted to the casing and struck by said pin, and a flange 76, having a' notch 77 adapted to move over said stud 74, as and for the purpose set forth.

1l. In apermutation-lock, the combination, with the bell-crank lever 40, having a cam 67 on its shaft, the stop-bolt 4.6, connected to one arm ot' said lever, a bank of tumblers, and a main lever 36, connecting said bank with the other arm of the bell-crank lever, of a plate 66, resting on said cam, a slide 60, connected to a latch 72, standing beneath the lever-support 30 of said bank, a pin 65, resting on said plate and passing loosely through a hole in the slide, a weighted pawl 56, having a groove 57 sliding over said slide, and means for moving said pawl, as and for the purpose setforth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DUNCAN MCLOCHLAND QUARLES, Jn. lVitnesses:

I-I. W. BUATHUTT, F. O. PRowsE.

IOO 

